At the top – Strategy Next down – Process / Culture Next down – software applications / tools At the bottom – data

He said an issue from business may be related to these four areas. When you see there is a problem related to lower layers, the root causes may actually be linked to higher layers. For instance: Using this sort of thinking to look into different layers in business process will help you solving some of the difficult issues. Using this along with method such as 5 Whys will help you find the root causes and able to fix it once and for all. Mental Frameworks – [Thinking Faster]